简单用法：
Django提供 Form组件：
1. 定义规则 from django.forms import Form from django.forms import fields class xxx(Form): xx = fields.CharField(required=True,max_lenght.,min,error_message=) 2. 使用 obj = xxx(request.POST) # 是否校验成功 v = obj.is_valid() # html标签name属性 = Form类字段名 # 所有错误信息 obj.errors # 正确信息 obj.cleaned_data
from django.forms import Formfrom django.forms import fieldsclass LoginForm(Form): # 正则验证: 不能为空,6-18 username = fields.CharField( max_length=18, min_length=6, required=True, error_messages={ 'required': '用户名不能为空', 'min_length': '太短了', 'max_length': '太长了', } ) # 正则验证: 不能为空，16+ password = fields.CharField(min_length=16,required=True) # email = fields.EmailField() # email = fields.GenericIPAddressField() # email = fields.IntegerField()def login(request): if request.method == "GET": return render(request,'login.html') else: obj = LoginForm(request.POST) if obj.is_valid(): # 用户输入格式正确 print(obj.cleaned_data) # 字典类型 return redirect('http://www.baidu.com') else: # 用户输入格式错误 return render(request,'login.html',{ 'obj':obj}) wupeiqi/articles/5703697.html
1 校验字段功能
针对一个实例：注册用户讲解。
模型：models.py
class UserInfo(models.Model): name=models.CharField(max_length=32) pwd=models.CharField(max_length=32) email=models.EmailField( 模版文件
复制代码Title
视图函数
# forms组件from django.forms import widgetswid_01=widgets.TextInput(attrs={ "class":"form-control"})wid_02=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs={ "class":"form-control"})class UserForm(forms.Form): name=forms.CharField(max_length=32, widget=wid_01 ) pwd=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_02) r_pwd=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_02) email=forms.EmailField(widget=wid_01) tel=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_01)def register(request): if request.method=="POST": form=UserForm(request.POST) if form.is_valid(): print(form.cleaned_data) # 所有干净的字段以及对应的值 else: print(form.cleaned_data) # print(form.errors) # ErrorDict : {"校验错误的字段":["错误信息",]} print(form.errors.get("name")) # ErrorList ["错误信息",] return HttpResponse("OK") form=UserForm() return render(request,"register.html",locals())
2 渲染标签功能
渲染方式一
Title 注册页面
渲染方式二 （推荐）
渲染方式三
3 渲染错误信息功能
视图
def register(request): if request.method=="POST": form=UserForm(request.POST) if form.is_valid(): print(form.cleaned_data) # 所有干净的字段以及对应的值 else: print(form.cleaned_data) # print(form.errors) # ErrorDict : {"校验错误的字段":["错误信息",]} print(form.errors.get("name")) # ErrorList ["错误信息",] return render(request,"register.html",locals()) form=UserForm() return render(request,"register.html",locals())
模板
4 组件的参数配置
class Ret(Form): name = forms.CharField(max_length=10, min_length=2, label='用户名', error_messages={ 'required': '该字段不能为空', 'invalid': '格式错误', 'max_length': '太长', 'min_length': '太短'}, widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={ 'class':'form-control'})) pwd = forms.CharField(max_length=10, min_length=2, widget=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs={ 'class':'form-control'})) email = forms.EmailField(label='邮箱', error_messages={ 'required': '该字段不能为空', 'invalid': '格式错误'})
5 局部钩子 (针对字段添加自己需要的，重写函数)
from django.core.exceptions import NON_FIELD_ERRORS, ValidationErrordef clean_name(self): val=self.cleaned_data.get("name") ret=UserInfo.objects.filter(name=val) if not ret: return val else: raise ValidationError("该用户已注册!") def clean_tel(self): val=self.cleaned_data.get("tel") if len(val)==11: return val else: raise ValidationError("手机号格式错误")
6 全局钩子 (添加全局的认证，重写函数)
def clean(self): pwd=self.cleaned_data.get('pwd') r_pwd=self.cleaned_data.get('r_pwd') if pwd and r_pwd: if pwd==r_pwd: return self.cleaned_data else: raise ValidationError('两次密码不一致') else: return self.cleaned_data 获取全局的错误信息 pwd_err=my_form.errors.get('__all__')
例子
MyForm from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse# Create your views here.from app01.myforms import *def reg(request): if request.method=="POST": print(request.POST) #form=UserForm({"name":"yu","email":"123@qq.com","xxxx":"alex"}) form=UserForm(request.POST) # form表单的name属性值应该与forms组件字段名称一致 print(form.is_valid()) # 返回布尔值 if form.is_valid(): print(form.cleaned_data) # {"name":"yuan","email":"123@qq.com"} else: print(form.cleaned_data) # {"email":"123@qq.com"} # print(form.errors) # {"name":[".........."]} # print(type(form.errors)) # ErrorDict # print(form.errors.get("name")) # print(type(form.errors.get("name"))) # ErrorList # print(form.errors.get("name")[0]) # 全局钩子错误 #print("error",form.errors.get("__all__")[0]) errors=form.errors.get("__all__") return render(request,"reg.html",locals()) ''' form.is_valid() :返回布尔值 form.cleaned_data :{"name":"yuan","email":"123@qq.com"} form.errors :{"name":[".........."]} ''' form=UserForm() return render(request,"reg.html",locals())视图函数 Title 模版文件{#简单form
#} {##} {##} {# #}
forms组件渲染方式1
{#forms组件渲染方式2
#} {##} {# #} {##} {#forms组件渲染方式3
#} {##} {# #}